Chapter 5: Make Patterned Papers

All the patterned papers in this chapter were based upon the sketches from the previous chapters work, including those which deviated along their own lines! Each page of patterns measures approximately A4 size. I had a lot of fun playing with squiggles, splashes, dots and lines while creating these papers. Working with black and white is very freeing when devising patterns since the question of colour is completely removed. While I had played previously with ink and bleach, this was my first attempt at monoprinting. While I enjoyed the process, the speed at which you have to work to get your print before the paint dries is a little bit stressful! :)

INK MARKS: The following patterned papers were created using black Quink ink and a variety of tools as 'paint brushes' to make marks, including cotton buds to make dots and lines, scrunched up kitchen paper, edge of credit card, bottle top, end of kitchen roll tube, half the end of a cardboard tube, bubble wrap, corrogated card board, tip of credit card, and edge of corrogated cardboard. Marks were made by dragging, dabbing, dotting, swivelling and drawing.

BLEACH MARKS:

Quink inked cartridge paper, cotton bud dipped in household bleach, then dabbed and dragged over paper.

Edge of credit card dipped in household bleach and dragged across black tissue paper.

'Painted' lines with cotton bud dipped in bleach, followed by dragging tip of bleach dipped credit card across inked cartridge paper. Really like the effect of this paper.

Edge of credit card dipped in household bleach and dragged across black tissue paper.

Bottom of kitchen roll dipped in bleach and stamped on black tissue paper.

Empty medicine pill blister dipped in saucer of bleach and stamped on to inked cartridge paper, with some dragging of bleached credit card tip across page.

MONOPRINTS: To create the following set of monoprints I used black Windsor and Newton Designers Gouache, spreading it on to a glass pane (a shelf from an old fridge!). I 'drew' the patterns using a variety of 'tools', including cotton buds, bubble wrap stamped down as well as scrunched up and dragged, edge of palette knife, corrogated cardboard, and edge of kitchen roll tube.

Chapter 4: Drawing Patterns from Animal Markings

Linear Pen Drawings: The following set of pen and black marker drawings were created from enlarged images of various kinds of animal skins and markings. After sketching the drawings were placed as near as possible to the source of the design. The markings were approached in two ways - copied as close to the original as possible for someone with limited drawing skills, and stylized versions. All the drawing was worked free hand. I used a technical drawing pen for the first time, and enjoyed working with this drawing tool, especially for its delicate strokes and excellence in sketching tones.

Chapter 3: Machined Stitched Bands

The following machine stitched bands each measure approximately 12" x 4", and may be cut into narrower bands later in the module. They were all stitched on a single layer of cotton calico. I referred to my photos and drawings of animal markings for inspiration, using what I had learned in creating the smaller machine stitched samples as reference guides. My intention was to attempt to create a series of patterns based upon animal markings.

Sample #1: This machine stitched sample used a few different embroidery stitches set into my Bernina machine, including #19, #20, and #72. I also used zig zag extensively. The width and length of the machine stitching was altered constantly along each line, moving from very close stitching to wide and far apart. All the stitches were curved, and overlapped. Finally I cable stitched stranded white cotton by winding the stranded cotton on to the bobbin, removing completely the tensioning device on the bobbin holder and leaving the top tension at normal setting. I really like the rich layers, variety of stitching, and patterning on this sample.

Sample #2: This machine stitched sample used a variety of machine stitches, including feather stitch, stretch stitch and zig zag. The lines of stitching were adjusted for length and width as they were sewn, as well as been overlapped. I whip stitched #19 on my Bernina machine, loosening the bobbin tension completely by removing the tensioner, and also increased the top tension - white thread on top and black on the bottom.

Sampler #3: Lines of overlapping curved whipped zig zag, altering the stitch length and width. Black thread on the bobbing, and white on top.

Sampler #4: A single stitch used throughout to see the variety of tones possible with one machine stitch. The stitch was #19 on my Bernina, and for the most part was worked with black sewing thread in the bobbin and white on the top. The bobbin tension was removed completely and the top tension was tightened. 3 rows of cable stitch worked - 1 with stranded white cotton in the bobbin, and 2 with black pearl cotton #8. The most interesting aspect of this piece was the adjusting of width when cable stitching. Not all the cable stitches worked out as planned. There were a few hiccups, evidence of which lies on the sampler here and there!

All in all I really enjoyed stitching these bands. It was a lot of fun simply stitching what one wanted as one went along! Since the overall planning takes place before the stitching begins, it is possible to just let it all flow!

Chapter 3 - Cable Stitch Samplers

Sample #1: Loosened lower bobbin tension, upper tension normal. Black pearl cotton #8 wound on to bobbin, white sewing thread on top; straight stitch;  altered stitch length and spacing; double layer of fabric.

Sample #2: Black pearl cotton #5 in bobbin - removed screw and tension cover entirely from bobbin case; white sewing thread on top; normal tension; altered spacing; 3 step zig zag; layers of stitching.

Sample #3: Bypassed tension altogether; 6 stranded white cotton floss wound on to bobbin; white sewing thread on top; normal top tension; 3 step zig zag stitch; combined overlapping layers and spacing.

Sample #4: Transparent fabric on top of stitch and tear; black pearl cotton #8 wound on to bobbin; black sewing thread on top; pre-set embroidery stitch #67 on my Bernina 'Virtuosa 155'.

Sample # 5: 2 layers of transparent fabric - didn't use Stitch and Tear this time as I found it too hard to remove in sample #4. 6 stranded cotton floss wound on to bobbin; black sewing thread on top. Continuous curved zig zag line of stitching; moving from wide to narrow settings, with gentle manipulation of fabric to create curves by swivelling.

Comments: I loved creating these samples and could probably have continued on as it seemed the more I did, the more ideas I had for possible samples. My favourite were samples # 4 and # 5. I wonder what would happen if I tried this on soluble fabric?!

Chapter 3 - Finally whipped Whip Stitch!

Sian made a few suggestions for me to try to increase the loops I was(n't!) making in my initial set of samples. Tone work was nice but the whipping needed more whipping :) And as it happened #13 turned out not to be so unlucky for me, this time anyway (not that I'm supersticous, of course!)

I began by trying out Sian's suggestions, which included reversing the tension, i.e. loosening the top and trying either tight or normal for the bobbing tension. I couldn't get either to work for me. Then Sian suggested I try a slightly thinner thread in the bobbin to fool the machine into thinking that the tension is looser. That didn't work either! Seems these newer models are quite difficult to trick into whipping stitches. They seem to adjust automatically to compensate!

So I went right back to the beginning, only this time taking it to the very edge - I pretty much loosened the bobbin screw until it was about to fall off, and tightened the top tension as far as it would go [#10 on my Bernina]. And it worked! I love my loops!!

The sample was worked on 2 layers of white cotton, using a zig zag stitch. I altered the length and width of the stitch as I progressed. Also discovered that the faster I machined the bigger the loops! I had to start and stop stitching at the end of each line to avoid serious puckering of fabric. I also had to be careful when pulling the work away from the machine to cut the threads that the thread didn't pull out unravelling the stitches.
All in all very pleased with the results of this sample :)

Chapter 3: Whip Stitch Samples

(xiii) Whipped zig zag stitch - loosed bobbin tension and tightened upper tension; adjusted length and width of stitch.
(xiv) Whipped feather stitch - loosened bobbin tension and tightened upper tension progressively; white thread on top, black in bobbin.

(xv) Whipped zig zag - controlled stitch length; white thread on top, black on bottom; loose bobbing tension, tight upper tension.
(xvi) Whipped straight stitch - stitch length and gaps alter tone.

This was my first attempt at trying whipped stitch. I bought a new bobbin to use for this type of machine stitching. I had to alter the bobbin tension a lot to see any noticeable results. I can see that this stitch holds lots of possibilities, especially in colour work, eg for 'pointillist' painterly effects.

Chapter 3: Tonal Effects in Machine Stichery

The following samples were machined with the presser foot on using zig zag, straight stitch and a couple of embroidery stitches. All samples were worked on a double layer of cotton fabric for stability, with black polyester sewing thread in the bobbin and on top. All samples are approximately 4 inch square.

Details of samples:
(i) Zig zag - altered stitch length, also widened gaps between lines of stitching.
(ii) Zig zag - altered stitch length only, inserting a few lines of very short zig zag stitches btween larger stitches to close up gaps. I like the lacey effect this produced.
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(iii) Zig zag - altered stitch width only; widening gaps.
(iv) 4 way zig zag - altered stitch width, widened gaps at edges.
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(v) Zig zag - changed position of needle in machine while stitching, increasing size of stitch in increments; also widening gaps.
(vi) Feather stitch - adjusted width and stitch length, progressing from small to large; overlapping.
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(vii) Honeycomb stitch - lines of same sized stitching working from small to large, adjusting width and length in each line; also adjusting spacing between lines of stitching.
(viii) Straight stitch - taking straight stitch for a walk! Unbroken line, swivelled and turned.
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(ix) Zig zag - similar to (viii) above but taking zig zag for a 'walk' this time!
(x) Cross stitch - altering balance, widthways and lengthways. Also widening gaps between lines of stitching.
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(xi) Zig zag - lines of zig zag, varying width and lengthalong each row; overlapping lines of stitching; widening spaces.
(xii) Inner circle, outer stitching, altered width and length of zig zag.

Module 2: Chapter 2 - Stitched Tonal Studies

A. Tonal column in stitchery

This sample was stitched on 10 holes to the inch canvas, in freely worked cross stitches, massed on top of one another and overlapped. Threads were black and white pearl cotton #8 and fine threads.

B. Tonal effects using the technique of blackwork

Designs above based on traditional blackwork patterns. Drawn on to graph paper with a black marker/ Patterns can be both added to, to make darker, and subtracted from, to make lighter, thus altering the tones through addition and subtraction of lines.

C. Blackwork tonal columns

(i) Using pattern development I created a darker tone, working a few rows before adding to the pattern.

(ii) Using spacing of the stitches: In this sample the spacing between the stitches controlled the tones.

(iii) Using thickness of thread: The threads used progressed from fine black sewing thread to a single strand of stranded cotton, then flower thread,  pearl cotton #8, 3 strands of stranded cotton, and finally 6 strands of stranded cotton. In this sample the spacing remains constant, only the thread thickness is altered.

Chapter 1 - The Study of Tone

For this chapter of tonal columns, I used a variety of media, including: charcoal, black ink, black Brusho paints, water soluble markers and crayons, black sugar paper (punched for circles), white tissue paper, and a variety of black, grey and off-white images from a glossy magazine, as well as the sides of a whiskey hip flask for a crayon rubbing! :)

The columns were 7 cms wide and the length of an A4 page.

Sample #1: [left hand side] black charcoal stick
Sample #2: [right-hand side] calligraphy pen

Sample #3: [left-hand side] black ink and a cotton bud
Sample # 4: [tight-hand side] rubbing of side of hip flask with black child's crayon.

Sample #5: [left-hand side] Brusho paint applied with the edge of a credit card
Sample # 6: [right-hand side] water soluble marker, lightly brushed with water#

Sample # 7: [left-hand side] punched circles from black sugar paper
Sample # 8: [right-hand side] black colouring pencil, cross hatching

Sample #9: [left-hand side] black ink applied with scrunched up kitchen roll
Sample #10: [right-hand side] black water soluble crayon, brushed with water

Sample # 11: [left-hand side] black, grey and off-white papers torn from a glossy magazine
Sample # 12: [right-hand side] column painted with black Brusho paint leaving just lower end clear, then stuck torn pieces of tissue paper scattered on top. This column is my mixed media sample.